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I am modelling a very simple 2D contact problem between a rigid indenter and a deformable squared-shape specimen. I used a implicit function f to describe the rigid indenter. 

The contact condition is: Inside the contact zone of the deformable specimen, a node n is outside of rigid indenter for f(n)>0, and inside for f(n)<0. In case f(n)=0, the contacting node lies on the surface of the rigid body.

The critical buckling load is given by Pcr=n² * (pi² * E*I)/L² where L is effective length.But what does the n refer to?Is it the number of buckling modes we want to see or some numbers depending upon the end fixity conditions?

I did a 2D beam bending problem with CST and Q4 element, respectively. CST gives better accuracy. Is it due to the shear locking effect with Q4?

Hi Friends,

I am currently writing my thesis in riser of marine and i want to model a Thermoplastic composite pipe with e glass fibers. In the pervious version of ansys they have used the shell elements 99 but in ansys 14.5 the shell element does not exist , i want to that shell element shell 181 have the similar properties of shell 99? or which other element type can be used for composite pipe ?

Thanks in advance. 

Regards,

Amit